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                  <text>Peter B. Hoffman Photograph Collection</text>
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                  <text>Hoffman, Peter B.</text>
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                  <text>This is a digital collection of the photographic works of Peter B. Hoffman, Jr. A Dubuque native, he was born on October 28, 1889 and was buried in Mount Calvary Cemetery after he died on December 14, 1953. His parents were Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr. and Katherine (Nickels) Hoffmann. His father's parents immigrated from Luxembourg to Ohio, where he was born, and shortly thereafter to Dubuque. Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr. was a grocer, historian and politician. His mother's parents immigrated directly from Luxembourg to Dubuque and were considered "pioneer" residents of the city. The couple had seven children: Edward M., Albert D., Alvina M., Frank Charle, Vincent, Bertha K., and Peter B. Jr. The family was Catholic. Peter B. Jr. married Barbara R. Bungert sometime between 1915 and 1925, and they had one daughter, Rosalyn Marie. Peter worked in his father's store as a grocer clerk and continued in the grocery business throughout his life; he was also drafted in WWI and WWII. Although he is never named as the person taking the photos, the pictures contain multiple images of Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr., leading to the conclusion that his son was the photographer. (Note: The name "Hoffmann" appears with both one and two "n"s throughout the family and newspaper accounts.)</text>
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                  <text>Dubuque (Iowa) -- Pictorial Works&#13;
Aerial &amp; Bird’s Eye Views&#13;
Banks &amp; Banking&#13;
Boats &amp; Boating&#13;
Bridges&#13;
Business Firms&#13;
Carnegie-Stout Public Library&#13;
Cemeteries&#13;
Churches &amp; Grottoes&#13;
Clubs&#13;
Disasters (Fires &amp; Floods)&#13;
Elevators&#13;
Entertainment&#13;
Farms &amp; Farming&#13;
Government (City, County and State)&#13;
Homes&#13;
Ice Harbor&#13;
Individuals &amp; Groups&#13;
Julien Dubuque Monument&#13;
Landscapes &amp; Nature&#13;
Loras College&#13;
Military&#13;
Mills&#13;
Monestary [sic]&#13;
Parades&#13;
Parks&#13;
Postal Service&#13;
Railroads&#13;
River Scenes&#13;
Schools&#13;
Steamboats&#13;
Street Scenes: Business&#13;
Street Scenes: Residential&#13;
Transportation</text>
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                  <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001</text>
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                  <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 © LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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                  <text>This record is part of the Peter B. Hoffman Photograph Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa.</text>
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                  <text>Hannah Bernhard, Michael Gibson, Sydney Reilly.</text>
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                  <text>Dublin Core Standards</text>
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                <text>Hoffman, Peter B.</text>
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                <text>Business Firms</text>
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                <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001</text>
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                <text>[National Oil Company High Test Gasoline Tank]</text>
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                <text>Digital image captured with an Epson V600 scanner. TIFF file created from a print scanned in 48 bit color at 600 ppi.</text>
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                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 Copyright LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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                <text>This record is part of the Peter B. Hoffman Photograph Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa.</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text>Reilly, Sydney</text>
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                <text>A metal tank with the words "National Oil Company" in the center. To the left it reads, "High Test Gasoline". The tank is sitting on wooden boards that are resting on wooden a-frames, which are triangular joists connected by a wooden plank at the top. The whole tank is sitting on a wooden floor.</text>
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                  <text>In May and June of 1912, two itinerant photographers arrived in Dubuque and began shooting the photographs that would become the Klauer Collection. For three weeks they traveled throughout the city with a large-format camera and a magnesium-powder flash lamp taking approximately 440 photographs of workers in factories, offices, shops, saloons and even the operating room at Mercy Hospital. We don't know the photographers' names, although they each posed as customers as needed, leaving us with several self-portraits. This type of workplace photography was not unusual in 1912 – itinerant photographers traveled the country photographing cities large and small. However, the fact that most of the glass negatives did survive together, intact for 100 years, is unusual. Itinerant photographers could not carry their solid glass plates with them and instead sold them to junk dealers who scraped the emulsion clean and resold them. Fortunately, the Dubuque photographers sold the plates to Peter Klauer, then President of Klauer Manufacturing Company, who stored them in one of his warehouses. In the 1970s, at least two sets of contact prints were made and in the 1980s, Peter’s grandson, William, donated a set of contact prints to the Center for Dubuque History. Later, 330 of the glass plates - all that remained - were also donated.</text>
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                  <text>Dubuque (Iowa) -- Pictorial Works&#13;
Glass negatives&#13;
Gelatin silver prints&#13;
Itinerant Photographers</text>
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              <text>1 glass negative: b &amp; w</text>
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                <text>[Novelty store]</text>
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                <text>Three tables and a small, wood and glass display case are arranged around the side walls of a small room. Two women, dressed in lacy blouses and long skirts, are standing near the display case. A sign above one of the women reads “Terms strictly cash.” Tablecloths and other linens are displayed on two of the tables. Jewelry, a small clock, a lace-covered pillow and other small items are visible in the display case. A large hat box, resting on its side, may be seen behind one of the tables. The number “75” has been written on the emulsion side of the negative and is visible in the upper right corner of the picture. The number “3” is written in the upper left corner.</text>
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Dubuque (Iowa) -- Pictorial works&#13;
William J. Klauer Collection&#13;
Glass negatives&#13;
Itinerant photographers</text>
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                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 © 2013 LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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                <text>This record is part of the William J. Klauer Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa.</text>
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Glass negatives&#13;
Gelatin silver prints&#13;
Itinerant Photographers</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>[Nursery at Mercy Hospital]</text>
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                <text>Photographer unknown</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Three nurses are standing next to metal cribs. Each nurse is holding a baby wrapped in a white blanket.  Large pillows are visible in the cribs. One of the babies is awake, and appears to be looking towards the photographer. The nurses are dressed in long-sleeved, striped uniforms covered with long white aprons. Each woman has long hair pinned up under a peaked, white cap. There is a tall, narrow window with shutters in the rear wall of the room. Also on that wall is a picture of a winged angel holding a child’s hand. Two adult rockers, a child’s rocker, a dresser and a small table covered with a towel are also visible.  No number has been written on the emulsion side of the negative in the upper right corner of the picture. The number "2" is written in the upper left corner.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>1912-05/06</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>James and Peabody Streets, Dubuque, Iowa</text>
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                <text>Hospitals&#13;
Nurseries (Rooms &amp; Spaces)&#13;
Children&#13;
Nurses&#13;
Dubuque (Iowa) -- Pictorial works&#13;
William J. Klauer Collection. City at Work Project&#13;
Gelatin silver prints&#13;
Itinerant photographers</text>
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            <name>References</name>
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                <text>This image was displayed in the “City at Work” exhibit at the Dubuque Museum of Art, December 7, 2013 – March 24, 2014. &#13;
&#13;
The original glass plate negative was lost. A gelatin silver print created in the 1970s remains.</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001</text>
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                <text>William J. Klauer Collection</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Still image</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="132506">
                <text>KL 461-077</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="132507">
                <text>Digital image captured using a Microtek ScanMaker 8700 with transparent media adapter. TIFF file created from a gelatin silver print scanned in 16 - bit grey scale at 1200 ppi. </text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132508">
                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 © 2013 LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>This record is part of the William J. Klauer Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa. </text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Herman J. Loemker Collection</text>
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                  <text>The Herman J. Loemker Collection&#13;
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Rev. Herman J. Loemker, a German-born pastor, served in eighteen German Methodist Episcopal churches in Iowa, Illinois, Wisconsin and South Dakota from the 1880’s until his death in 1937. While he utilized lantern slides for temperance lectures, he also produced lantern slides illustrating the communities where he lived. He served as pastor of the German ME church in Dubuque from 1915 to 1917. Nearly 270 of his glass lantern slides depicting Dubuque and a few of the surrounding communities are now in the collections of the Loras College Center for Dubuque History. These include Sunday school parades, churches, schools, buildings, steamboats, rural scenes, road construction, and some unique images of train wrecks, Union Park, and the horse racing track at Nutwood Park. The images offer a snapshot of life in Dubuque from the pre-World War I era to the early 1930’s.</text>
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                  <text>Loemker, Reverend Herman J.&#13;
Iowa -- Pictoral Works&#13;
Illinois -- Pictoral Works&#13;
Wisconsin -- Pictoral Works</text>
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                  <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001</text>
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      <name>Image</name>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
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              <text>1 lantern slide: b &amp; w</text>
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          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
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              <text>3.25 x 4.0 in.</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>[Nutwood Park at the fairgrounds north of Dubuque, Iowa]</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Loemker, Herman J., 1868-1937</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="136648">
                <text>The photographer has identified the structure in this image as a “fair ground building toward Dubuque.” Further research indicates that Nutwood Park was located at the fairgrounds located on Highway 52 North near where the Pepso Cola Bottling plant is today (2016). Originally constructed in 1894, Nutwood Park hosted horse and harness races on the one mile track, and had seating for 5,000 in the grandstand. Trolleys and the old Dubuque Brewing &amp; Malting Company are visible in the background. Automobiles may be seen parked along the street. The number 1287 is written on a label that has been stuck to the lower left corner of the slide. </text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1915-1917</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Dubuque, Iowa</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Fairs&#13;
Dubuque (Iowa) -- Pictorial works&#13;
Herman J. Loemker Collection&#13;
Lantern slides&#13;
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            <description>A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="136652">
                <text>&#13;
This image was displayed in the "Rev. H. J. Loemker: Views of Dubuque" display at the Roshek Building in Dubuque, July - November, 2016.&#13;
</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001</text>
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            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
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                <text>Herman J. Loemker Collection</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Still image</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="136656">
                <text>LO 046</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="136657">
                <text>Digital image captured using a Microtek ScanMaker 8700 with transparent media adapter. TIFF file created from a glass lantern slide scanned in 16 - bit grey scale at 1200 ppi.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="136658">
                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 © 2015 LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>This record is part of the Herman J. Loemker Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa.</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="88507">
                  <text>William J. Klauer Collection</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>In May and June of 1912, two itinerant photographers arrived in Dubuque and began shooting the photographs that would become the Klauer Collection. For three weeks they traveled throughout the city with a large-format camera and a magnesium-powder flash lamp taking approximately 440 photographs of workers in factories, offices, shops, saloons and even the operating room at Mercy Hospital. We don't know the photographers' names, although they each posed as customers as needed, leaving us with several self-portraits. This type of workplace photography was not unusual in 1912 – itinerant photographers traveled the country photographing cities large and small. However, the fact that most of the glass negatives did survive together, intact for 100 years, is unusual. Itinerant photographers could not carry their solid glass plates with them and instead sold them to junk dealers who scraped the emulsion clean and resold them. Fortunately, the Dubuque photographers sold the plates to Peter Klauer, then President of Klauer Manufacturing Company, who stored them in one of his warehouses. In the 1970s, at least two sets of contact prints were made and in the 1980s, Peter’s grandson, William, donated a set of contact prints to the Center for Dubuque History. Later, 330 of the glass plates - all that remained - were also donated.</text>
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                  <text>Dubuque (Iowa) -- Pictorial Works&#13;
Glass negatives&#13;
Gelatin silver prints&#13;
Itinerant Photographers</text>
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                  <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001</text>
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      <name>Image</name>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
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              <text>1 glass negative: b &amp; w</text>
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          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image</description>
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              <text>6.5 x 8.5 in.</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>[O'Donnell Sisters hair dressers]</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Photographer unknown</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Ella and Katherine O'Donnell owned this hair dressers shop. One of the sisters is leaning against a small table, displaying a hairpiece to a gentleman, possibly one of the photographers, who is seated in a chair facing a mirror. Visible in the rear of the room are a hair-drying fan facing an empty chair, and a small sink. White privacy screens may be seen on the other side of the room. In the foreground of the photograph is a glass display case filled with women's decorative hair combs, barrettes and bottles of hair products. The number “108” has been written on the emulsion side of the negative and is visible in the upper right corner of the picture. The number “3” is written in the upper left corner.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>1912-05/06</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>1072 Main Street, Dubuque, Iowa</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Hairdressing&#13;
Dubuque (Iowa) -- Pictorial works&#13;
 William J. Klauer Collection&#13;
 Glass negatives&#13;
 Itinerant photographers</text>
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                <text>According to the 1912 Dubuque City Directory,the O'Donnell Sisters' shop provided "hair dressing, manicuring and massage."</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="133743">
                <text>William J. Klauer Collection</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="133745">
                <text>KL 081-297</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>Digital image captured using a Microtek ScanMaker 8700 with transparent media adapter. TIFF file created from a glass plate negative scanned in 16 - bit grey scale at 1200 ppi. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="133747">
                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 © 2013 LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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                <text>This record is part of the William J. Klauer Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa.</text>
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Aerial &amp; Bird’s Eye Views&#13;
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Business Firms&#13;
Carnegie-Stout Public Library&#13;
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Farms &amp; Farming&#13;
Government (City, County and State)&#13;
Homes&#13;
Ice Harbor&#13;
Individuals &amp; Groups&#13;
Julien Dubuque Monument&#13;
Landscapes &amp; Nature&#13;
Loras College&#13;
Military&#13;
Mills&#13;
Monestary [sic]&#13;
Parades&#13;
Parks&#13;
Postal Service&#13;
Railroads&#13;
River Scenes&#13;
Schools&#13;
Steamboats&#13;
Street Scenes: Business&#13;
Street Scenes: Residential&#13;
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Aerial &amp; Bird’s Eye Views&#13;
Banks &amp; Banking&#13;
Boats &amp; Boating&#13;
Bridges&#13;
Business Firms&#13;
Carnegie-Stout Public Library&#13;
Cemeteries&#13;
Churches &amp; Grottoes&#13;
Clubs&#13;
Disasters (Fires &amp; Floods)&#13;
Elevators&#13;
Entertainment&#13;
Farms &amp; Farming&#13;
Government (City, County and State)&#13;
Homes&#13;
Ice Harbor&#13;
Individuals &amp; Groups&#13;
Julien Dubuque Monument&#13;
Landscapes &amp; Nature&#13;
Loras College&#13;
Military&#13;
Mills&#13;
Monestary [sic]&#13;
Parades&#13;
Parks&#13;
Postal Service&#13;
Railroads&#13;
River Scenes&#13;
Schools&#13;
Steamboats&#13;
Street Scenes: Business&#13;
Street Scenes: Residential&#13;
Transportation</text>
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Glass negatives&#13;
Gelatin silver prints&#13;
Itinerant Photographers</text>
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Glass negatives&#13;
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 William J. Klauer Collection&#13;
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                <text>Digital image captured using a Microtek ScanMaker 8700 with transparent media adapter. TIFF file created from a gelatin silver print scanned in 16 - bit grey scale at 1200 ppi.</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135200">
                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 © 2013 LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="135201">
                <text>This record is part of the William J. Klauer Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa.</text>
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          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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